34 Types of Medical Specialists and Their Roles

34 TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTS & THEIR ROLES

By Marini Lee | Updated: February 19, 2019

The number of medical specialist in Malaysia is increasing year after year following the encouragement by the government to meet the growing demand. The list below shows types of medical specialists from A to Z for your guidance:

1. Allergist

Allergist is a specialist in the identification and treatment of asthma, inherited immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions, animals, food or other related diseases. In addition, allergists are also trained to determine the factors that cause the diseases.

2. Anaesthesiologist

Anesthesiologists play an important role in the management of pain. Anesthesiologists are physicians trained in handling anesthesia for patients during surgery. Anesthesia will be given to patients either to relieve pain or to put them to sleep before surgery.

3. Andrologist

Andrologist specialize in treating illnesses unique to men such as urology, men's sexual and reproductive problems.

4. Cardiologist

Cardiologists are the specialists in the identification and treatment of diseases associated with the cardiovascular system (i.e. encompassing the heart and blood vessels). They also educate their patients about the causes of heart disease and determine the best treatment for their unique condition.

5. Cardiologist (pediatric)

Pediatric cardiologist is a specialist in the care and identification of diseases associated with the cardiovascular system (i.e. encompassing the heart and blood vessels) in children.

6. Cardiologist (interventional)

Interventional cardiologist is a specialist in the identification and treatment of cardiac catheterization, angioplasty and stenting treatments.

7. Cardiac electrophysiologist

Cardiac electrophysiologist is a cardiologist specialized in understanding the electrical system of the heart and treating heart rate problems such as atrial fibrillation.

8. Dermatologist

Dermatologist is a specialist in the identification and treatment of skin, hair and nail problems.

9. Endocrinologist

Endocrinologist is an expert in diseases that affects the endocrine system (i.e. the system responsible for the production and control of body hormonal levels).

10. Gastroenterologist

Gastroenterologist focuses on the identification and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (i.e. stomach, small intestine, colon, pancreas and the liver).

11. Geriatrician

Geriatrician is a specialist in the treatment of diseases involving the elderly community such as dementia, delirium, Alzheimer's disease and injuries from falling.

12. Hematologist

Hematologist is a specialist in the identification and treatment of blood-related diseases such as hemophilia, leukemia, lymphoma and sickle-cell anemia.

13. Hepatologist

Hepatologists are specialized doctors in the prevention, identification and treatment of diseases that affect the liver, gall bladder, biliary tree and pancreas.

14. Immunologist

Immunologist is a specialist in investigating and treating various diseases related to the body's immune system.

15. Neonatologist

Neonatologist is a specialist in the care of newborn babies, especially babies with critical condition.

16. Nephrologist

Nephrologist is a specialist physician trained in the identification and treatment of diseases involving the kidney and urinary system such as kidney inflammation, dialysis, chronic kidney disease or cancer.

17. Nephrologist (pediatric)

Pediatric nephrologist is a specialist in the identification and treatment of diseases involving the kidney and urinary system in children.

18. Neurologist

Neurologists are experts in investigating and treating diseases that affect the nervous system (brain, spinal cord and neurons). People who have problems with their senses may also consult neurologists.

19. Obstetrician & Gynecologist (O & G)

Obstetrician & gynecologist is a specialist in assisting childbirth and treatment involving the female reproductive system.

20. Oncologist

Oncologist is a specialist in cancer investigation, prevention and treatment.

21. Oncologist (gynecologic)

Gynecologic oncologist is a specialist in cancer investigation, prevention and treatment involving female reproductive organs such as ovaries, uterus, etc.

22. Oncologist (pediatric)

Pediatric oncologist is a specialist in cancer investigation, prevention and treatment involving children.

23. Ophthalmologist

Ophthalmologist is a specialist doctor who performs eye surgeries. Ophthalmologists often identify various eye-related diseases such as cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, eye dehydration, strabismus, proptosis, uveitis, eye tumors, laser refractive surgery and more.

24. Orthopedist

Orthopedist surgeons are specially trained doctors in identifying and treating patients with diseases and musculoskeletal system injuries (including muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons and nerves).

25. Otolaryngologist (or ENT Specialist)

Otolaryngologist is a doctor who specializes in managing and treating patients with problems of the ear, nose and throat. In addition, they are also experts in identification of diseases in the head and neck area.

26. Pathologist

Pathologist is a trained medical doctor who usually performs autopsy for tissue examinations (such as moles) and blood samples to identify diseases and produce pathological reports.

27. Perinatologist

Perinatologists pay special attention to pregnant women who have chronic conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes or thrombophilia. They will assist women in pregnancy-related complications such as premature delivery, twin / triplet pregnancies, pre-eclampsia and so on.

28. Pediatrician

Pediatrician is involved in the management of physical, emotional and mental health of young patients. Pediatric focuses on babies, children, teenagers and young adults (up to 21 years old).

29. Physiatrist

Physiatrists are specialist physicians who assist the body to function normally again after any trauma such as stroke or surgery.

30. Plastic surgeon

Plastic surgeons are specialized doctors in surgery that enhance the appearance of a person such as birth defect surgery, surgery following an injury and surgery after the removal of cancer (breast implant surgery after breast removal due to cancer).

31. Pulmonologist

Pulmonologists are experts in the identification and treatment of diseases involving the lungs and respiratory tract such as asthma, tuberculosis and other diseases.

32. Radiologist

Radiologist is a professional physician trained to identify and treat patients through interpretation of test results from imaging techniques such as X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomographic scan (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET).

33. Rheumatologist

Rheumatologist is a specialist in the identification and treatment of rheumatic diseases such as back pain, bursitis / tendinitis, capsulitis, neck pain, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and also immune-mediated disorders (e.g. tissue illnesses and autoimmune diseases).

34. Urologist

Urologist is a doctor who specializes in the identification and treatment of any problems involving the male and female urinary tract. In addition, urologists are also knowledgeable in treating prostate cancer patients and other diseases that affect sexual health and fertility.

RANTAU

34 TYPES OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTS & THEIR ROLES